Técnicas para el desarrollo de metamodelos aplicadas a problemas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25043/19098642.39Palabras clave:
desarrollo de metamodelos, kriging, funciones de base radiales, regresión con vector de apoyo, optimización de diseños basada en metamodelosResumen
Los metamodelos, también conocimos como modelos substitutos, pueden ser utilizados en lugar de modeloscuyas simulaciones tienen un costo computacional muy alto, incrementado con esto la eficiencia en procesos de optimización de diseños o en el diseño de exploraciones espaciales. La optimización de diseños basados en metamodelos es especialmente ventajosa en problemas de diseño relacionado con vehículos marinos en los cuales se
requieran simulaciones con un alto costo computacional o bien de experimentos con una alta inversión en equipos.
En este artículo se evalúan tres métodos para el desarrollo de metamodelos. La evaluación de estos métodos es desarrollada teniendo en cuenta la capacidad de cada uno de ellos para modelar funciones multimodales no lineales con un número creciente de variables independientes. Dentro de los métodos analizados se encuentran el método de kriging, el método de funciones de base radiales, y el método de regresión con vector de apoyo. Cada una de las anteriores técnicas para la generación de metamodelos es utilizada para modelar un grupo de funciones de una salida con dimensiones variando desde uno hasta diez variables independientes y una modalidad variando entre uno y veinte máximos locales. El número de puntos utilizados para entrenar los modelos es incrementado hasta que el error alcanza una tolerancia predeterminada. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que cada uno de los tres modelos tiene sus propias ventajas distintivas.
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