Aplicaciones de optimización en las primeras etapas del diseño de buques
Palabras clave:
diseño de buques, optimización multicriterio, algoritmos genéticos, algoritmos evolutivos, métodos de agentes, optimización difusaResumen
Se presenta una revisión de recientes investigaciones realizadas en la Universidad de Michigan que desarrollan y aplican métodos modernos de optimización en la toma de decisiones en las primeras etapas del diseño de embarcaciones. Problemas complejos de optimización multicriterio en el diseño de buques son resueltos utilizando lógica difusa, algoritmos evolutivos y métodos de agentes. En la primera aplicación se optimiza la forma del casco en una etapa preliminar para optimizar tanto la potencia requerida en aguas tranquilas como el comportamiento en el mar usando un algoritmo evolutivo que considera el cambio en el peso del buque ocasionado por la variación en la forma del casco. La segunda aplicación utiliza un método híbrido agentes-genético y generación estocástica para soportar la optimización del arreglo general de unidades navales. Por último se utiliza un algoritmo evolutivo para optimizar la concordancia de componentes usados en dos clases de buques con el fin de reducir el costo global de la flota. Estos ejemplos muestran la ayuda que proporciona la utilización de métodos avanzados de diseño en la toma de decisiones durante las primeras etapas del diseño de buques.Descargas
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