Evaluación de generadores diesel de media rotación y tecnologías de almacenamiento como alternativas para reducir consumo de combustible y la emisión de gases en sistemas de propulsión PSVs
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https://doi.org/10.25043/19098642.128Palabras clave:
Sistemas de Propulsión Eléctrica, Tecnologías para Almacenamiento de Energía, Barcos de Apoyo a Plataformas, Grupos Generadores DieselResumen
El uso de sistemas de propulsión eléctricos en PSVs en Brasil se ha incrementado recientemente, tendiendo a ser la norma en la mayoría de los barcos de apoyo. En dichas embarcaciones, el arreglo más común utiliza generadores Diesel de alta rotación para generación de energía y motores de inducción accionando propulsores. Tal arreglo ha reportado reducciones significativas en el consumo de combustible y en las emisiones contaminantes, comparado con los PSVs con propulsión mecánica. Sin embargo, disminuciones adicionales en estos parámetros se podrían lograr implementando otras tecnologías para la producción de potencia. El uso de generadores Diesel de media rotación y de tecnologías de almacenamiento de energía en PSVs con propulsión eléctrica, es evaluado en este trabajo. Para lo anterior, el consumo de combustible, las emisiones contaminantes, la masa, el volumen y los costos de adquisición de cuatro arreglos son estimados y comparados. Dos de los arreglos están equipados con grupos generadores Diesel de media rotación, dos con unidades de almacenamiento de energía y uno con grupos generadores Diesel de alta rotación. Las unidades de almacenamiento de energía se presentan como una alternativa interesante para disminuir el consumo de combustible y las emisiones por medio de la carga optima de los motores Diesel. Los generadores Diesel de media rotación también mostraron decrementos en el consumo de combustible pero presentan las más altas emisiones de contaminantes. Los arreglos con generadores Diesel de alta rotación presentan la menor masa, volumen y costos de adquisición.
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